Article published by the NATO Energy Security Centre of Excellence, May 2025. 

This analysis was conducted in 2024, prior to the inauguration of Donald Trump as the 47th President of the United States. It therefore reflects the climate policy positions of preceding administrations.

Regional Policy Brief: Mapping and analysis of climate-related security risks in the second round of the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and National Adaptations Plans (NAPs) in Europe and Central Asia, published by United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Europe and Central Asia, April 2025. 

Analysis published by Bruegel, April 2025. 

Briefer published by the Center for Climate & Security, April 2025. 

Report published by PeaceRep, January 2025. 

Report published by the United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI), April 2025. 

Journal article published by The Extractive Industries and Society - ScienceDirect, March 2025. 

Original research article published in Environment and Security, March 2025. 

Tip Sheet published by the United Nations, April 2025. 

A recently published tip sheet published by the United Nations Peacebuilding Fund (PBF) serves as a practical programming guide for designing and implementing PBF-supported projects that address the intersection of climate change, peace, and security. The Tip Sheet highlights important factors and dynamics in the climate peace and security space, which are mentioned below.

Journal article published by the Royal United Services Institute, March 2025.