Sampling bias poses enormous challenges to research as it can undermine the validity of results, cause significant knowledge gaps, result in research that is driven by convenience rather than need and limit the ability to provide policy advice. In this study, I assess potential sampling biases in the rapidly emerging research field of environmental peacebuilding based on a systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature.
The extended period of violent conflict experienced in the tri-border region of Liptako Gourma is the result of complex political, economic, environmental, and security governance crises. Since 2015, violence has spread from northern Mali into Burkina Faso and Niger, and, more recently, to the coastal countries that share close ties with the Southern Sahel.
Climate security risks are becoming increasingly noticeable. Extreme heat and drought aggravate water and food insecurity in the world’s already most fragile countries. Extreme weather events lead to more calls for military assistance at home and abroad, unbearable living conditions force people to migrate, and melting ice in the Arctic heightens existing tensions between world powers. Climate interventions can contribute to peace and stability, but can also exacerbate inequalities or lead to concerns over a new form of (climate) imperialism.
The wildfires raging in Canada are yet another reminder that climate change is already having an impact on all our lives. As the smoke clears around the United Nations building in New York, we are likely to see a renewed push for the UN Security Council to tackle the security risks posed by climate change, including in the upcoming New Agenda for Peace policy brief from UN Secretary-General António Guterres.
Climate change is often described as a ‘threat multiplier’ that intensifies human insecurity and can thus lead to conflicts as well as migration. The interconnections between climate change, conflict and migration are complex and dynamic, however, with no simple line of causality.
In recent years, Egypt has played a major role in the response to climate insecurity. It has established the Aswan forum as a forum to advance the operationalization of the Humanitarian, Development and Peace Nexus (HDPN).
In the early morning of 6 June 2023, the Nova Kakhovka Dam near Kherson, Ukraine, breached.
Brazil, the most biodiverse country in the world, with roughly 60% of the Amazon rainforest within its territory, is especially vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and other environmental risks. Brazil has vast natural resources and is one of the major exporters of agricultural products, minerals, and oil. However, extreme temperatures, drought, water scarcity and flooding, coupled with human-led environmental degradation and environmental crimes, undermine human security, and threaten the country’s socioeconomic development.
Defense ministries regularly frame climate security in their national security strategies. Recently, “civil” ministries also begun mentioning climate security. However, they do not mean the same thing. This article develops four indicators to assess the commitment of climate security framings to an understanding of climate security as either human/environmental or national security issue. It applies the indicators to fifty submissions of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) by civil ministries and seventy defense publications.
The following is an excerpt of the original article authored by Marcus King and Emily Hardy.
This briefer highlights the core elements of water weaponization and assess its practice in the Russia-Ukraine war to date.
Water Weaponization and the Russia-Ukraine War
