Factsheet published by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, December 2025.
The 18th The Hague Roundtable event, co-hosted with the German Embassy in The Hague brought together experts from politics, business, research, diplomacy, NGOs and financial institutions to discuss how Europe can shape its energy and climate transition in a way that is secure, competitive and resilient.
Article by SIPRI, November 2025.
Team leader | Speaker | Landscape architect at Wageningen Environmental Research,
Wageningen University and Research
Article by The Conversation, November 2025
Article published in New Security Beat, October 2025.
Europe, often perceived as insulated from climate insecurity, faces a rising tide of climate-related challenges destabilizing its social fabric. Contrary to assumptions of political stability and governance capacity, Europe contends with intensifying climate shocks such as droughts, floods, and heatwaves that exacerbate existing inequalities and vulnerabilities.
As global temperatures continue to rise, geoengineering – the deliberate manipulation of Earth’s climate system – is moving from the fringes of policy debate to the mainstream.
