Claims about mass migration induced by climate change are prevalent but vary widely. IOM's estimates range from 25 million to 1 billion people. A recent report by the Mixed Migration Center (MMC) on climate change and mixed migration in the Horn of Africa & Yemen indicates how linkages are hard to locate and how evidence is still slim.

The majority of Mali's regions are affected by violent conflict. This conflict is exacerbated by climate change impact. Increasing temperatures and significant rainfall variability are leading to droughts, floods, and bush fires. Conflict and climate change are combining to affect livelihoods and put resilience under strain. Read the Climate Security Expert Network (CSEN) latest risk brief.

While responsible for only 4% of global carbon dioxide emissions, 57% of the countries in Africa are facing the highest burden of climate exposure. Two reports by SIPRI are outlining the policy status of climate security risks in the African Union and recommending advancing the understanding and response to climate-related security risks in the AU.

Growing consensus exists regarding the interlinkages between climate change and conflict. Rather than further exploring this relationship, Mercy Corps identified strategies and interventions to address conflict-climate dynamics in their latest report. Read their findings, challenges and recommendations.

Unforeseen impacts of geoengineering technologies may threaten international security. These technologies aim to make changes in the atmosphere to lower the earth's warming. The Conflict and Environment Observatory (CEOBS) explores some of these “promising solutions” and discusses the potentials and risks of geoengineering.

On Monday, 4 May (15.00 -17.00 AMS), EuroMeSco is organising an online webinar to present its new study 'Ensuring Water Security in the Middle East: Policy Implications'. EuroMeSco will analyse the impact of securitisation and COVID-19 on policymakers and water security in the region. Click for registration.

Most refugees and displaced persons depend on unsustainable energy resources that pose risks to their security and health. Read more about the positive role sustainable energy can play in refugee settlements. Four case studies from Iraq and Ethiopia by IRENA and UNHCR.

In a so-called Arria formula, which is meant to informally debate about an issue, UN Security Council members once again discussed the climate-security nexus. The debate was organised online by France and others and broadcasted live on Facebook. States ambassadors shared their insights on the security risks posed by climate change and stressed the link to COVID-19 pandemic.

The Sahel region has been identified as one of the regions where climate change is most likely to trigger violent conflict and undermine security. A new report by the Climate Security Expert Network explores the four links between climate change and violent conflict in North Africa & Sahel.