Climate change is often described as a ‘threat multiplier’ that intensifies human insecurity and can thus lead to conflicts as well as migration. The interconnections between climate change, conflict and migration are complex and dynamic, however, with no simple line of causality.

In recent years, Egypt has played a major role in the response to climate insecurity.

In the early morning of 6 June 2023, the Nova Kakhovka Dam near Kherson, Ukraine, breached.

Brazil, the most biodiverse country in the world, with roughly 60% of the Amazon rainforest within its territory, is especially vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and other environmental risks.

Defense ministries regularly frame climate security in their national security strategies. Recently, “civil” ministries also begun mentioning climate security. However, they do not mean the same thing.

The following is an excerpt of the original article authored by Marcus King and Emily Hardy.  This briefer highlights the core elements of water weaponization and assess its practice in the Russia-Ukraine war to date.